Bagaimana komputer bekerja? CPU, ROM, RAM, bus alamat, bus data, bus kontrol, decoding alamat.

0:00 – The video begins by explaining the role of the CPU in a computer. 0:45 – It then defines computer memory and cell addresses. 1:30 – The concept of read‑only memory and random access is introduced. 2:25 – The BIOS and its operation are described. 3:25 – The address bus is explained. 5:18 – The control bus, including RD and WR signals, is covered. 7:16 – The data bus and how to read a byte from memory are shown. 9:56 – Address decoding is discussed. 10:48 – Decoding of memory ICs into ranges is illustrated. 11:29 – The relationship between addressable space and the number of address bits is examined. 12:33 – Decoding of ROM and RAM ICs in a computer is shown. 14:04 – The hexadecimal numbering system and its relation to binary are explained. 16:00 – Using address bits to decode memory is demonstrated. 16:45 – CS, OE, and Z‑state signals (tri‑state outputs) are introduced. 17:35 – A decoder built with inverters and the A15 line is shown. 18:18 – Reading and writing to memory in a computer system is illustrated. 20:46 – Adjacent address space and real‑world address decoding are discussed. 21:45 – The operation of video memory is explained. 22:39 – Decoding of I/O ports, including IORQ and MEMRQ signals, is covered. 23:55 – Adding an output port to the computer is shown. 25:13 – The operation of a 1‑bit port using a D‑type flip‑flop is demonstrated. 26:12 – The ISA and PCI buses and the principles of device decoding are discussed.