Епоха середніх держав

In 2014, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan addressed world leaders in New York, challenging the dominance of the five permanent UN Security Council members and highlighting the growing dissatisfaction of what he called "middle states." These countries, he argued, refuse to accept a passive role imposed by great powers. A decade later, his words resonate even more, succinctly describing a new geopolitical reality. The world, once seen as a bipolar struggle between the United States and China, is now a complex, multipolar arena where middle powers actively shape alliances, control strategic routes, and influence the global balance of power. Their actions are redefining international relations, moving beyond a simple two‑block narrative to a dynamic network of shifting interests and dependencies.