How Kashmir Was Islamised

What was Kashmir before Islam, and how did a valley once filled with temples, scholars, and ancient universities become the ideological cradle of Pakistan? In this episode we trace the valley’s transformation from a flourishing Hindu and Buddhist culture to a center of Islamic influence, detailing temple destruction, mass conversions, the work of Sufi missionaries, Afghan invasions, and state‑sponsored religious cleansing. Key figures such as Lalitaditya, Sayyid Ali Hamadani, Sultan Sikandar, and Zain‑ul‑Abidin shaped this history—the account that Pakistani textbooks omit and modern India tends to overlook.